Don Dion

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As the equity market seesaws — sometimes indiscriminately — about its axis, investors have turned toward dividend investing. With the prospect of current market volatility continuing into the future, many fund investors are seeking recognizable names whose dividends look remarkable, though perhaps unsustainable, in light of current economic activity. One way to participate in this strategy is through preferred ETFs, such as iShares S&P U.S. Preferred Stock Index Fund (PFF) or PowerShares Financial Preferred (PGF), that provide access to preferred securities while limiting exposure to any particular stock.

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While PGF touts its financial emphasis up front, in the fund’s name, PFF also has a strong concentration in the financial sector. Over 88% of PFF is classified as financial, while healthcare and materials both compose less than 5% of the fund. With the recent high correlation between preferred shares and the stock of their issuing companies, investors should expect to see shares of both PFF and PGF trading in line with the financial sector, as well as other banking ETFs covered by Sector Momentum Tracker, such as PowerShares Banking (PJB).

A compelling argument can be made for investing in preferred stocks during market slumps. The U.S. government and international banks have aggressively tried to salvage the banking system through a series of bailouts and policy changes. With a current yield of more than 10% plus, PFF’s return could be attractive enough to lure buyers at the bottom.

PFF tracks the S&P Preferred Stock Index, a group of stocks that have market capitalization greater than $100 million and that meet minimum price and volume constraints. The fund has suffered “lower lows” than its peers have during the Bear Stearns debacle but has been rallying admirably on recent upswings. Lows on PFF’s chart have also inspired an influx of buyers, with recordbreaking volume and strong bounces at support points. In short, the prospect of double-digit yields in a flat market has attracted a slew of investors to the PFF opportunity.

PGF has a more narrow focus than PFF does, allowing investors to concentrate solely on financial preferreds. PFF is based on the Wachovia Hybrid & Preferred Securities Financial Index, which tracks the performance of U.S. listed preferred stocks issued in the U.S. market by financial institutions. PFF’s index currently includes approximately 30 securities selected by Wachovia pursuant to a proprietary selection methodology— a selection that aims to reduce the volatility of the S&P preferred index while boosting returns.

Both PGF and PFF have comparable trading volumes and assets, so the choice for many investors may come down to individual fund focus and expense ratio. While each is heavily weighted with financials, and components hinge on capitalization requirements, the funds will be rebalanced at different rates. PGF’s index is rebalanced on a monthly basis, while PFF’s index is altered on an annual basis. Although investors will have to pay a larger expense ratio with the PowerShares offering (0.72% versus PFF’s 0.48%), the comfort of having a monthly portfolio checkup may outweigh the price difference. If components are eliminated from open market trading without a fund rebalance, investors can be exposed to an increasingly concentrated number of preferred stocks. Those made nervous by sudden changes in U.S. markets might want to consider how actively they would like their ETF monitored.

While preferred stocks have often served as a haven for investors in stormy markets, the recent turmoil in the financial markets has caused preferred spreads to widen. Preferred shares have also been trading more like their equity counterparts, a trend that UBS analyst, Barry McAlinden believes will continue in the near term: “We believe that the high correlation between preferreds and financial equity prices will likely continue as the market digs itself out of the rubble of the financial crisis.”

It will also be important for shareholders to keep an eye toward policy changes in the new administration. An increase in dividend taxes could stun dividend-focused funds if companies respond by cutting the size of their payouts. A change in this type of legislation will require time and approval, however, and will unlikely be implemented in the infancy of Obama’s administration. These proposals may not affect dividend investors in the short term, but these same shareholders should put an ear to the ground when discussions about the restructuring of the financial system occur.

Both PGF and PFF would suffer if their underlying components slash dividends—a compelling reason for investors to monitor the basket of stocks in each fund. For those looking for bargain prices and set returns, the preferred strategy could still be compelling in late 2008. With a critical eye toward strategy and indexing, some investors could reap rewards and perhaps gain greater peace of mind with preferred ETFs during a dismal financial climate.

This article has 8 comments:

  •  
    Nov 20 11:42 PM
    If the financials are in too trouble, those non-cumulative prefers may not get paid, companies can skip the dividend payment
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  •  
    Nov 21 12:51 AM
    Thanks for highlighting the difference between the two ETFs; that is useful.

    Every preferred share prospectus I have read specifies a set dividend rate, just like an interest payment on a bond. While most allow for deferred dividend payments, that should only occur under extreme circumstances. So I fail to see how a change in tax policy could affect dividends of existing issues.
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  •  
    Nov 21 12:59 AM
    Gary Gordon wrote an article back on Oct. 20 suggesting investors take a look at PFF. The share price was $29 then versus $21 at the close Nov. 20.

    I complained then that JPM, BAC, USB and Citi issues were the top 4 holdings. Citigroup VIII has now slipped to the 5th largest holding, at 4.61%.

    I suggest waiting until the Citigroup situation is resolved before diving into PFF. In the meantime, I suggest looking at non-financial preferreds.

    I have a few shares of Comcast preferreds, CCT, which at $18 yield around 9%. I don't live in a Comcast service area, so I don't have a feel for how heated the battle is with Verizon and other competitors. However, Comcast was still reporting revenue and earnings gains as of the last quarterly report, unlike a lot of other businesses.
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  •  
    Nov 21 09:24 AM
    Why do preferred shares even exist? It just seems like a way for companies to borrow money without having it show up as debt on the balance sheet.
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  •  
    Nov 21 12:11 PM
    Would a bank deferring its preferred dividends cause its credit ratings to be downgraded?
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  •  
    Nov 21 02:18 PM
    Most likely deferring your dividends would cause credit ratings to be downgraded significantly. The idea is that if you can't meet your dividends, then you more than likely face significant financial trouble. That is the reasoning behind the so called bank holiday for dividends, where the President or Congress somehow passes a law or executive order that halts ALL institutions from paying a dividend, thus giving them the political cover to halt dividends without fear of being downgraded.

    I have a 10% position in PGF, and have averaged into it over the past year, but I don't think I'll be buying more. This market has gone from being a bear market to pricing in a depression. In which case banks like Citi may suspend their dividend voluntarily. PGF yields about 14%, but I think some further analysis needs to be done on which of those holding companies are actually still in good financial shape.
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  •  
    Nov 21 06:35 PM
    How about PGX too?
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  •  
    Nov 22 08:50 PM
    First, preferred shares do show up on the balance sheet...normally the first entry in shareholder's equity. But I digress...I was long PGF but the problem the preferreds all face right now is the ballooning corporate bond spreads. If you as an investor can 'trade up' the capital structure without giving up yield, then it sure makes sense to do so. Thus, preferreds are likely to see more selling right now.
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